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Spoke · 4 survey types · 7 min read

VoC survey questions — NPS, CSAT, CES

The 4 VoC survey types every team should know — NPS, CSAT, CES, and the cancellation survey. When to send each, exact question wording, and response-rate benchmarks.

The pattern across all 4 surveys: one quantitative question + one open-ended follow-up. The number tells you what changed; the open answer tells you why. Without the open-ended, you have a metric but no insight.

NPS — Net Promoter Score

When: Quarterly relationship survey, or 90 days post-onboarding

Score (required)

"On a scale from 0 to 10, how likely are you to recommend [product] to a friend or colleague?"

Follow-up (open, required)

"What's the main reason for your score?"

Optional

"What's the one thing we could do that would make you a 9 or 10?"

Benchmarks:B2B SaaS: 30+ healthy, 60+ world-class. Consumer: 50+ strong. Below 0 = critical.

CSAT — Customer Satisfaction

When: Triggered per event: after support ticket resolved, after onboarding complete, after first feature used

Score (required)

"How satisfied are you with [specific event]? (1 = Very dissatisfied, 5 = Very satisfied)"

Follow-up if score ≤ 3 (open)

"What could we have done better?"

Follow-up if score ≥ 4 (open)

"What worked particularly well?"

Benchmarks:Support: 85%+ healthy, 95%+ world-class. Onboarding: 75%+ healthy. Below 70% = investigate.

CES — Customer Effort Score

When: After high-effort flows: signup, first feature use, support resolution, cancellation attempt

Score (required)

""[Specific task] was easy to do." Strongly agree (7) → Strongly disagree (1)."

Follow-up (open, optional)

"What made it easy / hard?"

Benchmarks:Sign-up: 5.5+ healthy, 6+ world-class. Support: 5+ healthy. CES is a strong predictor of churn — track trend.

Cancellation / churn survey

When: Triggered when customer cancels, unsubscribes, or downgrades

Required

"What's the primary reason you're cancelling? (Multiple choice + Other)"

Optional but most useful

"What would have to change for you to stay?"

Optional

"Where are you going next? (We won't be offended.)"

Benchmarks:Response rate is high (40%+) at cancellation — people want to vent. Treat the open-ended answers as gold; they're your strongest VoC signal.

Survey best practices

  • Always include the open-ended follow-up. Without it, you have a number but no insight to act on.
  • Max 5 questions per survey. Beyond 5, response rate drops below 5%.
  • Send within 24 hours of the trigger event. Memory decays fast — Monday\'s onboarding doesn\'t produce useful Tuesday\'s feedback.
  • Don\'t survey the same person more than once a quarter. Survey fatigue kills response rate across the entire program.
  • Read every open-ended response within 7 days. Customers can tell when their feedback disappears into a black hole.
  • Reply personally to detractors. NPS detractors who get a personal reply often convert to passives or promoters.

Survey design takes practice

Bad surveys produce bad data. We built GoNoGo as a 30-min drill — describe what you want to learn, AI strategist suggests survey design + question wording, you avoid the leading questions that ruin response quality.

Drill survey design free →

30 min · No credit card

Frequently asked questions

Should I run NPS, CSAT, AND CES?+
Most teams need only one as primary metric. NPS for long-term loyalty signal. CSAT for transactional satisfaction (after support tickets, after onboarding). CES for friction (after high-effort flows). Pick one to obsess over, run the others quarterly as check-ins. Three primary metrics = three blind spots, not three insights.
How long should a VoC survey be?+
For NPS-style relationship surveys: 1 question + 1 open-ended follow-up = 30 seconds. Response rate 15-30%. For deeper post-event surveys: max 5 questions. Anything over 5 questions drops response rate to under 5% and produces lower-quality answers from the people who do complete it. Long surveys are negative VoC — they signal "we don't respect your time."
What's the most important question?+
The open-ended follow-up: "What's the main reason for your score?" Without it, you have a number but no insight. With it, you have qualitative data you can act on. Always include the open-ended after the score question, even if it's optional.

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